Because manual and automatic transmissions function in different ways, they each require specific grades of transmission fluid. 

Manual transmission fluid is like gear oil, providing essential lubrication to parts like the gears and bearings. 

On the other hand, the purpose of automatic transmission fluid (ATF) is to transfer the engine's power to the vehicle’s wheels. 

Automatic transmissions use a hydraulic torque converter that processes the engine's torque into available power needed for acceleration and cruising. Inside the torque converter, ATF is critical to this process. But because ATF undergoes higher demands than manual transmission fluid, it degrades quicker, requiring replacement more frequently. 

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Over time, transmission fluid accumulates metal particles and other debris from your car’s many moving parts. Because of that, old transmission fluid functions less effectively. 

As you accelerate, a  sluggish gear or change slipping sensation may indicate the need for a transmission fluid change, if not more significant transmission problems. 

New transmission fluid won't repair mechanical issues, but it does contribute to smoother shifting and may also increase your transmission's longevity. 

Although some manufacturers only require a fluid change every 150,000 miles during normal driving conditions, more regular changes may be a good idea. Some mechanics say 150,000-mile intervals are too infrequent and recommend adding fresh fluid sooner.

At a service center, a transmission fluid change usually takes around an hour. However, because each vehicle is different, a mechanic can give you the most accurate estimate.

How much does it cost to change transmission fluid?

The price of a transmission fluid change varies, especially if your car needs a new transmission filter. 

Your car’s make and model can also be a factor. Although some discount repair facilities might perform a transmission fluid change for $100, luxury vehicles like BMW and Mercedes are much pricier — potentially more than $400. The total cost will also depend on whether you need a complete drain and refill or just a flush, too.

Transmission fluid change vs. flush

They may sound the same, but transmission fluid changes and flushes are significantly different.

Transmission fluid flushes are the most thorough method: the mechanic pumps new fluid in, pushing out the old fluid and any accumulated contaminants. That will remove any previous liquid in the transmission pan, torque converter, and cooling lines. With all-new fluid, a transmission will experience enhanced cooling and increased longevity. 

A transmission fluid drain and refill might only replace half of the original fluid, but sometimes that's all a manufacturer mandates. 

If you're unsure whether your car's transmission needs a fluid flush or drain, check your owner’s manual. Your mechanic can also evaluate and consult you on your transmission needs.

For transmissions that receive regular service, a drain and fill may be all you need. But if it's been a while since the last transmission fluid change, a flush could be the better option.

Just like changing your engine oil regularly helps keep your car running well, changing your vehicle’s transmission fluid provides optimal lubrication for a transmission that lasts, too.

And just as motor oil breaks down with every piston cycle, transmission oil does the same with each gear change. 

But how do you know when it's time for a transmission fluid change?

Each manufacturer is different, with car maintenance schedules ranging from 60,000 miles to 150,000 miles. However, all of them recommend more frequent flushing if you often drive your vehicle under demanding conditions, like towing heavy loads or driving up mountain highways.

Since automakers recommend varying intervals for a transmission fluid change, you may be unsure when to change yours. Your owner's manual contains this information, with specific service intervals for your car’s transmission, engine, oil changes, and more. 

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